2021 Total Factor Productivity for Detailed Industries — 2023-08-31

Total factor productivity�-defined as output per unit of combined inputs-�rose in 78 of the 86 4-digit NAICS manufacturing industries in 2021, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. This represents an increase from 2020, when total factor productivity increased in 25 manufacturing industries. Total factor productivity also increased in air transportation and line-haul railroads in 2021. The ten largest 4-digit NAICS manufacturing industries (those with employment over 350,000) all experienced increasing total factor productivity in 2021. Output rose in seven of these industries and declined in three industries: aerospace products and parts (-2.9 percent), animal slaughtering and processing (-1.5 percent), and architectural and structural metals (-0.5 percent). Combined inputs (capital, hours worked, materials, energy, and purchased services) increased in only two of these industries: pharmaceuticals and medicines (+1.7 percent) and semiconductors and electronic components (+0.6 percent).